All posts by Ryan Davis Philip

 

CPR

First aid training proves a lifesaver on freeway

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Ashwini SaseedaranSound Telegraph

When Baldivis resident Gary McDonnell signed himself up for a course at All Ages First Aid Training Rockingham earlier this year, little did he expect those newly renewed skills would be put to use so soon.

On May 8 after a leisurely shop at IKEA, the father-of-two was travelling home southbound on Kwinana Freeway when he noticed a scene unfolding on the far right emergency lane.

“There was a big man on the floor with people all around him so it was quite obvious to me that someone needed help,” he said.

Confident with his recently updated first-aid training, Gary navigated his way through traffic and joined three other motorists who had stopped to help.

“When I arrived, three other people were trying to perform CPR and had contacted the ambulance,” he said.

“Being a big boy myself, I just got in there and didn’t mess around — I was able to use my weight to give compressions exactly where this man needed to get his heart pumping and blood flowing.”

Expecting an immediate handover once paramedics arrived, Gary was surprised when he was asked by St John Ambulance metropolitan area manager Simon Klass to continue his life-saving CPR.

“My response to Simon was, I’m so full of adrenaline, I could go all day — so while they checked his other vitals, attempted to establish an airway and administered defibrillator shocks, I continued a rhythm of compressions,” Gary said.

After six minutes of Gary and the other responders attempting to revive 73-year-old grandfather Terry Robinson, who had suffered a cardiac arrest while driving, a paramedic noticed a sudden response.

“Terry’s chest started to rise and fall, then I remembered to breathe too, I was so much in the moment that I didn’t focus on anything but getting his heart pumped,” Gary said.

“I stood up and grabbed Terry’s wife Alenka who had been watching this entire scene and told her ‘he’s made it’ — she had this death grip on my hand but she gave me the biggest hug.”

Stressing the importance of teamwork in the face of the unimaginable, Gary said he was grateful for the efforts of Waroona couple Dennis Tyler and Daphne Zucaro and another Baldivis resident Rizwan Ahmad.

“Four strangers who didn’t know each other worked together as a team, communicated efficiently from the start and managed to make a difference by preserving life — it really was quite something,” he said.

On his way home from the emergency incident, one of the first people Gary called was Matthew Jenkins — the instructor at All Ages First Aid Training Rockingham.

“I had a level of confidence because of Matthew’s method which made me dive straight in without hesitation — I had to tell him a bloke was now alive because of what he taught me,” Gary said.

Meeting up with those involved a couple of weeks later for a feel-good reunion, Gary described meeting Terry as quite an experience.

“Terry was profusely grateful for all we had done for him, he was full of life and enthusiasm and it was surreal being able to talk to a man who wouldn’t have been here,” he said.

“First-aid training is so easily attainable through courses that are so affordable, Terry is still with us today because of that and I hope he will live a long and happy life still.”

Gary has since taken advice from first responder Simon Klass to enlisted as a volunteer with St John Ambulance.

“This incident has sparked further interest and I’m looking at pursuing entry as a paramedic in training for the next intake,” Gary said.

Amazing to see people getting into a first aid course Canberra. Check our upcoming first aid course Canberra dates at www.canberrafirstaid.com. 

We are looking for new first aid trainers to work for us and run first aid course Canberra.

If you are in Rockhingham it would be worth signing up with these guys. www.allenstraining.com.au

 

Asthma Boy

Low neighborhood walkability and childhood asthma

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Children living in neighborhoods that are not conducive to walking are more likely to develop asthma and to continue to have this condition through later childhood, according to a new study published in the Annals of the American Thoracic Society.

In “Associations Between Neighborhood Walkability and Incident and Ongoing Asthma in Children,” researchers from Toronto’s Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids) and the University of Toronto evaluated associations between home neighborhood walkability and both the incidence of asthma and its ongoing occurrence.

Although there have been studies of neighborhood walkability and chronic diseases such as diabetes in adults, this large, long-term study is believed to be the first to look at walkability and childhood asthma.

“We found that children living in neighborhoods with low walkability were more likely to develop asthma and to continue to have asthma during later childhood,” said lead author, Dr. Elinor Simons, a pediatric allergist and clinician scientist who now works at the University of Manitoba and Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Canada. “These findings show a relationship between lack of day-to-day physical activity or sedentary lifestyle and development of new and ongoing asthma in Toronto children.”

Dr. Simons and colleagues used healthcare data housed in the province of Ontario’s Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (ICES) to follow 326,383 Greater Toronto children born between 1997 and 2003 until ages eight through 15. Asthma diagnoses were based on the time the children’s data were entered in the validated Ontario Asthma Surveillance System (OASIS), which requires two outpatient visits within two consecutive years or any hospitalization for asthma. Children with asthma in OASIS were followed continuously starting at their time of diagnosis and until the end of the study.

A Walkability Index was used to examine whether the neighborhoods in which these children lived were conducive to walking. Neighborhood characteristics that comprised the index included population density, dwelling density, access to retail and services, and street connectivity.

The researchers used two statistical models to determine associations between asthma and walkability: associations between walkability and incident asthma were examined using Cox proportional hazards models, while associations between ongoing asthma and walkability in each year were determined with generalized linear mixed models.

The authors found that 69,628 children (21%) developed incident asthma and were followed in the OASIS database. Low walkability in a child’s neighborhood of birth was associated with an increased risk of asthma development. Among children with asthma, low walkability in a given year was associated with greater odds of ongoing asthma in the same year. The median age of asthma diagnosis was 2.5 years for all children with asthma and 3.5 years for children who had ongoing asthma until the end of the study.

The same results were found after accounting (controlling) for gender, preterm birth, neighborhood income, obesity and allergic conditions.

The authors noted that their findings document a “statistically robust longitudinal association between childhood asthma and low neighborhood walkability, extending the results of previously published studies that have demonstrated variable associations between childhood asthma and exercise or sedentary lifestyle. These results also support community-level interventions to modify home neighborhood environment in ways that are associated with positive changes in individual physical activity levels.”

“Toronto has a population of over six million multiethnic inhabitants, making it representative of many large urban centers in industrialized countries,” said the study’s authors. “Other large cities may have neighborhood walkability patterns that are similar to Toronto’s, and may see similar associations with childhood asthma.”

But how can neighborhood walkability be improved? It can be improved, for example, “By greater placement of services such as grocery stories within residential neighborhoods and adding pedestrian paths between roads to improve street connectivity,” the authors said.

She added: “It is important to note that this study measured physical characteristics and did not look at social characteristics such as neighborhood crime and safety or cultural reasons for walking rather than using another means of transportation. These characteristics also need to be studied and taken into account.”​

Definitely worth booking in to a first aid course in Canberra this winter.

 

Asthma Boy

First aid tips: How to stay safe in the summer sun

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By  • 

 

The great British summer is upon us and it’s time to make the most of the sunshine… when it appears!

Here are a few essential first aid tips to help you enjoy a safer summer – wherever you go on holiday.

Football in the park

Cricket, football or frisbee in the park are top ways to enjoy the summer sun. But all that running around makes you sweat, and getting too dehydrated can be harmful.

Heat exhaustion

Heat exhaustion happens when someone loses too much fluid and salt from sweating in hot conditions. If a person has heat exhaustion, they may:

  • be dizzy or confused and complain of a headache
  • be sweating and have pale, cool skin
  • feel nauseous.

What to do

  1. Help them to a cool place and get them to rest. This will help them start to cool down.
  2. Give them plenty of water to drink. Isotonic sports drinks are even better as they will also help replace the salts lost through sweating.
  3. Seek medical advice. Even if the person appears to recover fully, they should seek medical advice. If their condition gets worse, call 000 for emergency help.

Sandy times at the beach

 

Heading to the coast where the sea breeze keeps things feeling a bit cooler is a great idea in the hot weather. But don’t forget that the sun will still gaze down upon you with all its might.

Prevention is better than cure so apply high factor suncream generously. But if you do get sunburnt, here’s what to do.

Sunburn

What to do

  1. Move into the shade.
  2. Have frequent sips of cold water. Cool the affected skin by dabbing with cold water.
  3. Apply after sun lotion to soothe the area.

Heatstroke

No beach holiday is complete without sunbathing, but sitting out in the sun for too long can make the body overheat and lead to heatstroke.

Heatstroke happens when someone gets so hot that their body can’t control their temperature. It’s much less common than sunburn and very serious – the person needs help straight away.

A person with heatstroke may:

  • have hot, flushed and dry skin
  • have a headache, feel dizzy or be confused and restless
  • get worse quickly and become unresponsive.

What to do

  1. Call 000 immediately or get someone else to do it.
  2. Cool them. Quickly move them into a cool environment and remove outer clothing. Wrap them in a cold, wet sheet and keep pouring water over them.
  3. Keep cooling them while waiting for help to arrive. If their temperature returns to normal and they no longer feel hot to touch, you can stop cooling them.

Picnic in the countryside

 

Countryside walks and a homemade picnic are best enjoyed in the sunshine. But all that delicious food can attract insects – some of which may bite or sting.

Bites and stings

What to do

  1. If someone has been stung and the sting is visible on the skin, use the edge of a credit card to scrape it away.
  2. Apply an ice-pack to the affected area to minimise pain and swelling.

Stung in the mouth or throat? Ouch! Get them to suck on an ice cube or sip a glass of cold water to prevent swelling. If swelling does start to develop it could block their airway so call 000.

Getting worse?

Watch for signs of a more severe allergic reaction. These include a rash, itchiness or swelling on a person’s hands, feet or face. Their breathing may also slow down.

What to do 

  1. Call 000.
  2. Reassure them while waiting for the ambulance.
  3. If they have a known allergy and an auto-injector (or EpiPen), help them to use it. Or do it yourself following the guidance on the product./li>

More on allergic reactions

BBQ in the garden

 

Sizzling sausages on the barbacue in the garden is a fine way to spend a glorious day. But accidents can happen.

Burns 

What to do

  1. Cool the burn under cold running water for at least ten minutes. This will help to reduce pain, swelling and the risk of scarring. The faster and longer a burn is cooled, the less the impact of the injury.
  2. After the burn has been cooled, cover it with cling film or a clean plastic bag to help prevent infection by keeping the area clean. It won’t stick to the burn and reduces pain by keeping air from the skin’s surface.
  3. Call 000 if the burn is more serious or if a baby or child has been burned.

No water? No problem

If you don’t have immediate access to cold running water, you can use any cold harmless liquid like orange juice – or even a cold beer – to cool the burn as quickly as possible.

More on help with burns

First aid at your fingertips

  • Book in to a first aid training course in Canberra with Canberra First Aid where you will get a free first aid app and also CPR Face mask and a First Aid Training Manual. www.canberrafirstaid.com

This piece was written in 5 July 2016 and updated on 4 June 2018. 

 

Kit

Pedestrians hit in traffic incident

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FIVE pedestrians, including a child in a pram, were taken to hospital after a van ran a red light causing another car to hurtle out of control at a busy intersection in Melbourne’s CBD on Sunday afternoon.

Police described the multi-car accident at the corner of William and La Trobe streets as chaotic when an Uber car performing a hook turn was hit by an RACV van just before 4pm, causing it to plough into pedestrians.

The Nine Network reports the impact threw the young girl from her pram.

“A yellow RACV van just came up on the inside of us, clipped the car,” she said.

“Our car lost control and it just started spinning, we took out all those people and it was just so bad.”

The Toyota also hit a number of stationary cars at the traffic lights.

Detective Acting Sergeant Mark Kelly said the driver ran a red light, and he was co-operating with police.

“The scene was chaotic but it was well managed by all emergency services,” Acting Sgt Kelly said.

“The driver stopped immediately and is very co-­operative.

“He’s obviously in shock.”

Police say drugs and alcohol were not a factor and the cause was “accidental”.

“There was no malice involved,” Acting Sgt Kelly added.

A total of five pedestrians, including two children – one confirmed to be a pre-school-aged girl, were injured. A woman in her 30s had serious hip and leg injuries, a man in his 30s had minor leg injuries and a female in her 30s had minor rib and chest soreness.

The adults were taken to both the Royal Melbourne Hospital and St Vincent’s Hospital.

One of the injured children was taken to the Royal Children’s Hospital with cuts on her face and legs.

Another child sustained minor injuries.

Police are still investigating the exact cause of the collision, but are treating the crash as accidental.

Anyone who witnessed the collision or has further information is urged to contact Crime Stoppers on 1800 333 000 or submit a confidential crime report at ­crimestoppersvic.com.au.

[email protected]

Originally published as Child ‘thrown from pram’ as five hit in CBD crash

Check out our first aid course in Canberra during the winter months. www.canberrafirstaid.com

 

CPR

300 defibrillators to be rolled out

 

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TREVOR Mills was with his family when he collapsed and his heart stopped beating on Christmas Day last year.

Not for the efforts of his son, who performed CPR for 43 minutes, the 76-year-old says he would have died.

Now, Mr Mills will be given a greater chance of survival from cardiac arrest after the Australian Hotels Association said it would fund and roll out more than 300 public-access heart defibrillators at regional hotels and clubs across SA.

It’s a lifesaving partnership with St John Ambulance SA.

Defibrillators are used to treat Sudden Cardiac Arrest, a condition that occurs when the heart unexpectedly stops pumping due to an underlying medical condition.

No one knows the importance of having a device nearby than Stuart Green, 45, of Port Augusta, who saved a stranger’s life after he collapsed while playing a tennis final just five weeks ago.

“He’d had a heart attack and ended up in cardiac arrest,” Mr Green recalled.

“Myself and a couple of others were helping out … we did CPR and compressed the chest while someone else got the ‘defib’.

“This fellow basically got two shocks (and his heart started) — it was a very, very good outcome.”

Drone could save your life with flying defibrillator

Both Mr Green and Mr Mills welcomed the $750,000 equipment investment to the regions.

AHA (SA) general manager Ian Horne said the central position of pubs and clubs in country towns made them the obvious home for the lifesaving devices.

St John Ambulance SA chief executive Michael Cornish said every minute counted when it came to cardiac arrest.

“For every minute defibrillation is delayed, the chance of survival decreases by 10 per cent,” he said.

“A delay of 10 minutes more often than not results in death.

“This means areas of critical need for these devices are those located more than five to 10 minutes from their nearest hospital or ambulance station,” Mr Cornish said.

Defibrillator devices are designed to be used by people with minimal or no training and the device will only administer a shock to a person who requires it.

 

New Development Tracks Defibrillator Malfunctions
Contact www.canberrafirstaid.com for all of your defibrillator training needs and purchases.

 

First aid kits

New Fla. Bill Requires First Aid Training for Students

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With the signing of Bill 7055 in March, Gov. Rick Scott made first aid training for Florida students part of state law.

A brief section of Bill 7055, posted on http://laws.flrules.org, recommends first aid basic training every two years for students beginning in the sixth grade, and that the training must be based on a nationally recognized program using “the most current evidence-based emergency cardiovascular care guidelines.”

The bill further states, “The instruction must allow students to practice the psychomotor skills associated with performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation and use an automated external defibrillator when a school district has the equipment necessary to perform the instruction. Private and public partnerships for providing training or necessary funding are encouraged.”

The AED is a device that can check a person’s heartbeat and shock the heart back into a normal rhythm when it stops functioning, according to the American Heart Association’s website, www.heart.org. The device also provides guided instruction on its use.

Dexter Day, Crestview High School principal, said CHS students currently have the option of taking CPR classes as one of their electives, after which they are CPR certified.

The Simas, Stacey and Shawn, and their two children, Lexi and Carter, are among people who have worked to get the bill passed over the last two years.

They became involved in the legislative side of things two years ago when Lexi, then 16, had a cardiac arrest—meaning her heart malfunctioned and stopped beating—while running on a treadmill at a Viera gym.

Because the people at the gym knew CPR and used an AED, they were able to resuscitate Lexi until paramedics arrived.

“As we stood over Lexi as she laid in the emergency room, we didn’t know if she would live or die. The helpless feeling you have as a parent is indescribable,” her dad, Shawn, said in a previous News Bulletin interview.

“Lexi never had really any health problems. She had been an athlete since 4 years old. She started playing T-ball and soccer when we lived in Crestview. Sudden cardiac arrest struck our family out of nowhere … I made a promise to God that we would pay this forward if he gave her another chance and he did. The Lord has worked this out for our good and the good of others,” Shawn said.

Lexi spent three weeks in the hospital. Doctors implanted a cardiac defibrillator in her chest that has to be checked by a cardiologist every three months, but they cleared her to return to school and all activities except contact sports. She finished her junior and senior years as a varsity cheerleader at Viera High School.

Along the way, she and her father requested that the Brevard County school board pass legislation for her fellow high school students to take CPR training, which they did Nov. 21.

Previous efforts to get Senate and House CPR bills passed in Florida failed. “It was called an unfunded mandate, meaning the state did not want to mandate this training without the funds,” Shawn Sima said in a previous interview.

“Essentially the cost should not be an issue at all. Most of the CPR kits are donated. We could honestly set up a Go Fund Me and have the money. We are actually working with the American Heart Association to possibly set up an area for donation in the state of Florida,” he said.

 

Burn

KIDSAFE VICTORIA ISSUES BURNS ALERT AHEAD OF WINTER

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KIDSAFE Victoria is urging parents and carers to be vigilant and take action to reduce the risks of burns and scalds in the lead up to winter, a time of heightened burns risk.

The call comes on the eve of National Burns Awareness Month – a campaign that raises awareness of the prevention and appropriate first aid measures for minor burns – which begins on June 1.

Statistics from the Burns Registry of Australia and New Zealand show that in 2016/17, almost 1,000 Australian and New Zealand children were admitted to a burns unit.

The most common causes of paediatric burns and scalds were hot beverages (20 per cent), water from saucepan/kettle/jug/billy/urn (13 per cent), food (8 per cent), coals/ashes (6 per cent), water from tap/bath/shower (4 per cent) and fat/oil (4 per cent).

Kidsafe Victoria general manager Jason Chambers said children’s lack of awareness of danger placed them at increased risk of burn injuries.

“Children are naturally curious and like to explore their surroundings, however they don’t understand the danger posed by many common household burn and scald hazards.

“A child’s skin is thinner and more sensitive than an adult’s and will therefore result in a more severe burn. Burn injuries can have a long-term impact on children, both mentally and physically in terms of requiring painful skin grafts, ongoing treatment and causing permanent scarring.”

Half of all child burn injuries occurred in the home kitchen, with incidents commonly occurring when a child was near an adult who was preparing food or drink.

Kidsafe Victoria is urging all parents and carers to download the burn and scald home safety checklist from kidsafevic.com.au and follow some key steps to prevent burns and scalds to children this winter.

They are also urging the public to familiarise themselves with the correct first aid measures to treat minor burns if they do occur.

For more information about the prevention and treatment of minor burns, head to kidsafevic.com.au.

Also check our first aid course dates on the website at www.canberrafirstaid.com

 

Kit

Canberra Winter: A handy survival guide for newcomers

First Aid Course Canberra. Nationally Recognised Certificate. Excellent Trainers. Free First Aid Manual. Free CPR Facemask. Great location.

There is no denying it – winter has definitely come to Canberra.

Whether it is your first winter in the city, or you just need a timely reminder as the mercury dips once more to sub-zero temperatures, here are some tips about how to get through the capital’s coldest months.

Rug up and stay healthy

 

Chances are, if you are not a long-time Canberran you are probably not wearing enough layers – the Michelin Man look is very in right now.

Invest in a decent jacket and do not be afraid to accessorise with gloves, a scarf and a beanie.

Rugging up gives you the chance to show off to your friends further north that you actually have a separate winter wardrobe, but it can also help you avoid getting sick.

And it is just as important to stay warm and keep healthy at work too.

Doctors recommend washing your hands properly, avoid sharing cups with workmates and regularly disinfecting your desk, keyboard and phone.

The annual flu vaccination is also available and is free for pregnant women, people aged over 65 and most Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders.

Defrost your car windows

If you have moved from warmer climates and have not had to deal with this pesky task before, it can be difficult to know the right thing to do.

Parking your car under some sort of shelter (even a carport is helpful) is always best, but if your car has to be out in the elements there are a few ways to clear the accumulated ice:

  • Invest in an ice scraper (it will take you forever with your credit card).
  • Place a towel over the front windscreen to stop the ice from accumulating (but remember to make sure all your windows are defrosted before driving).
  • Pour water on your window to defrost the ice (do not use hot water as this may cause the windscreen to crack).
  • Blast that car defroster.

Embrace it – head to the snow

There is no use fighting it – it is definitely going to be cold for a couple of months. But one of the great things about Canberra is that the city and its surrounds are beautiful in winter.

Thredbo and Perisher are just 2.5 hours drive away from the capital and both ski resorts are expecting a dumping of snow in the coming week.

A little closer to home, Corin Forest provides lots of family fun and takes less than an hour in the car with the kids to get there.

Or why not take a road trip? Explore the capital region’s wineries or visit nearby country towns like Bungendore, Yass, Murrumbateman or Gundaroo.

Exercise or take up a hobby

Exercise is the best way to fight off those winter blues – otherwise known as seasonal affective disorder or SAD.

SAD often strikes during winter with a reduction in daylight hours and can mean reduced energy levels.

But if you can work up the motivation, rug up for a morning stroll around Canberra with your camera. True Canberrans know the best way to tease your friends on Facebook is to show off how well your city does winter.

If you can not brave the cold, head to the gym or enjoy an indoor sport to get those endorphins flowing.

Doctors recommend you still keep up your fluid intake though, saying we should be drinking the same amount of water while exercising in winter as we do in summer.

Stay in

There is absolutely nothing wrong with staying in and hoping the cold days pass quickly. And it pays to keep your home as warm, yet as energy efficient, as possible.

While it may be tempting to pump your heater and pretend its summer, your hip pocket will not thank you come bill time.

The ACT Government’s Actsmart website recommends keeping your thermostat between 18C-20C in winter, claiming for every 1C you lower the temperature you can save 10 per cent on your heating bill.

The website also offers lots of tips about making your home more energy efficient, including how to best insulate your house, the most efficient heating options and they even run free workshops on how to draught-proof your home.

Book in to a first aid course in Canberra on a cold winters day. Date available at website www.canberrafirstaid.com

 

Epipen

How to deal with the ongoing EpiPen shortage

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Who uses an EpiPen?

EpiPens are first aid treatment for anaphylaxis, a potentially life threatening allergic reaction that affects a person’s breathing and blood pressure.

EpiPens deliver a single shot of adrenaline to reverse the symptoms of anaphylaxis. Allergy sufferers who experience an anaphylactic allergic reaction need to call an ambulance immediately and go to hospital, both for further treatment and to be under observation for at least four hours.

Why is there a shortage?

Australian supplier Mylan says the US manufacturer Pfizer is responsible for the supply shortage. Pfizer puts the delay down to a problem with the autoinjector’s components – one that’s caused production delays for months.

Pfizer tells CHOICE the shortage has to do with a third-party component, as well as changes made to its manufacturing facility. “At this time, we cannot commit to a specific time for when the supply constraint will be fully resolved,” a spokesperson says.

The company is advising people to fill their prescriptions closer to expiration dates to help them manage EpiPen supply over the next few months.

What happens if I have an attack?

If you don’t have an EpiPen on hand, immediately call 000 – or better yet, have someone with you make the call.

Follow your ASCIA action plan that you’ve developed with your doctor, and either sit or lay down on the ground with your feet outstretched in front of you. Don’t stand up or sit on a chair, as this could cause a sudden drop in blood pressure.

If you’re having a severe allergic reaction, Allergy & Anaphylaxis Australia recommends that you follow your ASCIA action plan:

  • sit or lie down on the ground
  • use the EpiPen on your outer mid-thigh
  • call for an ambulance
  • (if the symptoms persist and it’s needed) take a second EpiPen five minutes after the first.

You’ll need to go to hospital for further treatment and remain under observation for at least four hours.

Can I use an expired EpiPen?

Most allergy sufferers will have an EpiPen on hand, even if it’s an expired one.

EpiPens have a one- to two-year shelf life before they expire. It’s not ideal, but consumer allergy groups and pharmacists recommend people use their expired EpiPens if necessary during the shortage.

These adrenaline autoinjectors do become less effective over time, but the consensus is an expired EpiPen is better than not having one to use at the time of an attack.

If all of your EpiPens have expired, use the most recent one. Be sure to check the expiration date on the EpiPen itself and not on the box as they may differ.

You can gauge the quality of an EpiPen by checking the clear window near its tip. The adrenaline should be transparent – free from sediment and discolouration – for it to be most effective.

How long do I have to wait for a replacement EpiPen?

After leaving your prescription with a pharmacist, it takes between a couple of days to two weeks for an EpiPen to arrive.

The pharmacists we spoke to say they haven’t had EpiPens in stock for months. Before the shortage, pharmacies would typically stock two EpiPens at any time, with replacement stock being delivered daily.

The shortage has been going on for how long?

The government’s Therapeutics Goods Administration (TGA) says EpiPens have been in short supply since January 2018.

Initially orders were not being fulfilled at all, forcing people to visit different pharmacies in the hope they could find untapped stock. Supply has marginally improved, with an ordering system delivering EpiPens to the people who need an EpiPen the most.

Has the shortage been linked to any deaths or serious injuries?

The shortage has not been linked to any deaths or serious injuries in Australia, a Department of Health spokesperson told CHOICE.

We asked manufacturer Pfizer if it has contributed to any deaths or injuries globally, but the company chose not to address the question.

Can I reuse an EpiPen?

EpiPens can only be used once – even if there’s some adrenaline still in the device. After use, they should be placed in a container, marked with the time it was administered and handed over to ambulance staff.

Does the shortage affect EpiPen Junior autoinjectors?

EpiPen Junior autoinjectors are not experiencing a stock shortage.

Are there any alternatives to an EpiPen?

We’re one of the few countries that don’t have an alternative adrenaline autoinjector, along with Canada, which makes us more vulnerable to the ongoing shortage as people don’t have a substitute.

 

Epipen

Be smart when it comes to spring allergies and asthma

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(HealthDay)—Lots of things grow in the spring, including your risk of severe allergic reactions and asthma attacks. So people need to take preventive measures and know when to seek medical care, an emergency physician says.

“Spring tends to bring more people to the ,” Dr. Paul Kivela, president of the American College of Emergency Physicians, said in a college news release.

“Conditions like  and allergies are manageable for most people but they can easily become life-threatening. Minimize your risk by limiting your exposure to known triggers, carrying your medicines with you if needed, and developing an action plan for asthma and allergic reactions with your care provider.”

Each year, asthma sends more than 1.8 million people to U.S. emergency rooms, according to the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Kivela said people with asthma should go to the ER when: symptoms do not improve quickly after the use of rescue inhalers; they’re straining to breathe or can’t complete a sentence without pausing for breath; their lips or fingernails turn blue.

Picnics, barbecues, pool parties and other outdoor get-togethers can put some people at risk for a life-threatening allergic reaction (anaphylaxis), which is most often caused by a food allergy. It’s estimated that a  sends somebody to a U.S. emergency room every three minutes.

Insect bites and stings are another common cause of anaphylaxis.

Symptoms such as tingling, numbness or a metallic taste in the mouth may occur within minutes, but it might take up to several hours for life-threatening reactions to develop, according to Kivela.

Seek immediate  care if you or someone else develops any combination of the following symptoms:

  • Difficulty swallowing or breathing
  • Swelling of the tongue, throat, nasal passages or face
  • Welts, hives, itchiness, redness on the skin, lips, eyelids or other areas of the body
  • Bluish skin, especially the lips or nail beds (or grayish in darker complexions)
  • Nausea, stomach cramping, vomiting/diarrhea
  • Heart palpitations; weak and rapid pulse; confusion, slurred speech; dizziness, a drop in blood pressure, fainting or unconsciousness.

If someone develops anaphylaxis, call 911 immediately. And while you wait for first responders to arrive: lay the person flat and elevate the feet; administer self-injectable epinephrine (such as EpiPen) if available; check for a medical tag, bracelet or necklace that may identify anaphylactic triggers, Kivela said.

Gaining skills from a first aid course is also a great management startegy. Book in now at www.canberrafirstaid.com

 Explore further: Even if severe allergic reaction is in doubt, epinephrine should be used

More information: The American Academy of Family Physicians has more on anaphylaxis.