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A “GOOD Samaritan” who assisted a man who appeared to be in trouble in the water near Balmain in Sydney has allegedly been attacked by the man he was trying to rescue.

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POLICE has released some of the stunning examples of calls to triple-0 as it is revealed 90 per cent of calls aren’t for real emergencies.

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At least 20,000 people will be trained in first aid and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) by the Ministry of Health and Prevention (MoHaP), in a new national initiative to be implemented in the next four to five years.

This is in line with the ‘Year of Zayed’ and will be done in cooperation with the Federal National Council (FNC).

The National Initiative for First Aid and CPR, which will train 20,000 people from various sectors of society, will be implemented within four to five years and is aimed at reducing the causes of death such as cardiac arrest, strokes and other emergencies.

The initiative will take off with an orientation and training session to be conducted by MoHaP’s training and development centre for the members of the FNC.

The initiative also seeks to encourage other government entities from the federal and local level to adopt and implement it, as well as build a database of volunteers for paramedics to assist in emergencies, crises and disasters.

Awad Saghir Al Ketbi, assistant undersecretary for support services sector for MoHaP, issued a administrative resolution for the creation of an oversight (ad-hoc) committee chaired by Saqr Ghanem Al Humeiri, director of the training and development centre, to oversee the implementation of the training, which will include first aid, CPR, and quick-response to medical emergencies, crises and disasters in accordance with UAE Cabinet Decision (No. 6) of 2016.

Al Ketbi said that the initiative is aimed at increasing community awareness about cardiac arrest and providing training on ways to quickly respond to cases of sudden cardiac arrest, such as administering CPR and first aid to save an injured person.

He further noted that the comm-ittee will supervise the implementation and progress of the initiative such as identifying the target participants, defining the priorities of training groups, and applying the training programmes as soon as the scientific and training materials are available.

Al Humeiri added: “The department will be responsible for organising the first aid and CPR operations, the training materials, which have international accreditation and approved by MoHaP. The trainees will receive a certificate valid for two years from the training provided by MoHaP instructors, private entities and volunteers who have the licence to train in this field.” Dr Abdel Karim Al Zarouni, director of emergency, crisis and disaster department at the ministry, said that the national initiative has chosen the FNC as the pioneering entity to lead in training and motivating both the private and public sector, companies, shopping centres and schools. They will also reach the household levels as well, through the Sup-reme Council for the Family and Women’s Associations to offer first aid course.

The centre has all the required expertise and competencies, and it has provided the first regional programme to train professionals on CPR and cardiovascular care provided following the latest updates from the American Heart Association and the first national programme to train and license accredited trainers for first aid and recovery from the European Resuscitation Council.

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THE operator of a hot-air balloon that crashed in NSW’s Hunter Valley, didn’t call 000 after the accident and described it as just a ‘firm landing’

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This document is designed to provide information about Automated External Defibrillators (AEDs) and how they can be deployed in the community to help resuscitate an out of hospital cardiac arrest patient. It is based on A Guide to Automated External Defibrillators published by Resuscitation Council (UK) and British Heart Foundation (December 2013). Remember that completing a first aid course is also going to help you gain the skills required to help.

Summary

1. Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a significant public health issue. In Australia, as many as 30,000 OHCAs occur every year – with fewer than 10% surviving (Ambulance Victoria, 2016). However, with immediate resuscitation more lives can be saved.

2. In cardiac arrest the heart is no longer pumping and the casualty loses consciousness and will not be breathing normally. This person is technically dead, but there is a limited period of time during which a normal heartbeat may be restored.

3. For a short period of time, the non-pumping heart may have a special rhythm (Ventricular Fibrillation or VF) which may be shocked back to a normal, effective pumping rhythm (defibrillation).

4. It is important to understand that the rescuer (professional, trained layperson or untrained person) cannot tell from observation or the casualty’s history whether the casualty has a “shockable” rhythm (where an effective heartbeat may be restored) or a “non-shockable” rhythm (where an electric shock will have no benefit for the casualty).

5. One of the functions of an AED is to determine whether the casualty has a “shockable” or “non-shockable” rhythm.

6. The time to defibrillation is a key factor that influences survival. For every minute defibrillation is delayed, there is approximately 10% reduction in survival if the patient is in cardiac arrest due to Ventricular Fibrillation (VF), also referred to as a shockable rhythm.

7. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) alone will not save a person in VF. Hence a defibrillator should be applied to the person in need as soon as it becomes available so that a shock can be delivered if required.

8. The development of AEDs has made defibrillation part of basic life support. AEDs can accurately identify the cardiac rhythm as “shockable” or “non-shockable” and will then provide verbal prompts of the next steps (i.e. shock advised or no shock advised, continue with CPR).

9. Many OHCA patients can be saved if persons nearby immediately recognise they are in cardiac arrest, call Triple Zero (000) for an ambulance, perform CPR and use an AED. Each of these stages “is a link” and are links in a chain of events that provide the best chance of survival. Minutes count and members of the public along with first responders represent the front line in resuscitation from OHCA. More information in section 2 and section 3.

10. AEDs are easy to use, compact, portable and very effective. They are designed to be used by lay persons; the machines guide the rescuer through the process by verbal delete first “prompts” hearing prompts and visual prompts. They are safe for the casualty/victim and will not allow a shock to be given unless the casualty’s/victim’s heart’s rhythm requires it. They are designed to be stored for long periods without use and require very little routine maintenance. Many models are available directly from the manufacturers or through medical equipment companies. More information in Section 3 and section 13.

11. Right across Australia, AEDs have been installed in many busy public places, workplaces, or other areas where the public might have access. The intention is to improve early access to defibrillation to restore a normal beating heart rhythm as soon as possible. This strategy of placing AEDs in locations where they can be used by a lay person in the case of an OHCA is known as Public Access Defibrillation (PAD).

12. AED use should not be restricted to trained personnel only. Allowing the use of AEDs by members of the public without prior formal training can be beneficial and may be lifesaving. However, the use of an AED by trained members of the public and professional responders is encouraged. More information in section 4. Separate information is included about AEDs in the workplace (section 8) and schools (section 9). Information on training is contained in section 11.  Statement – A Guide to AED’s July 2017 Page 2 of 8

13. In Australia, there are very few legal barriers to PAD. A rescuer / person who has acted appropriately to help a patient who has suffered cardiac arrest would not be sued regardless of the outcome. More information in section 6.

14. There are a number of factors to consider when contemplating purchasing and installing an AED, some of these considerations are discussed in sections 5 and section 7. These decisions can also be made with the assistance and guidance of the state ambulance service who can provide advice relating to AED purchase, installation and other practical information.

15. AEDs should be placed or stored where they are most likely to be needed; they must be accessible with a minimum of delay. All persons working at the site need to be aware of their purpose and location, and the steps to be taken should someone suffer Sudden Cardiac Arrest (SCA). This will include calling Triple Zero (000) for an ambulance service and activating the organisation’s emergency response plan: ie, to commence CPR on any unconscious, non-breathing person and to get the AED as soon as possible, apply the pads and follow the AED’s prompts. More information in section 5 and section 12.

References ARC

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Children with mild to moderate asthma do not benefit from a common practice of increasing their inhaled steroids at the first signs of an asthma exacerbation, according to clinical trial results published in The New England Journal of Medicine. Researchers found short-term increases in inhaled steroids did not prevent attacks in children aged 5 to 11, and may even slow a child’s growth.

For one year, researchers measured benefits of quintupling inhaled steroid doses during the earliest signs of an asthma attack. This period-;known as the “yellow zone”-;is when wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath first appear. “Increasing the dose of inhaled steroids at early signs of asthma worsening along with using quick relief medicines to relieve symptoms is a common practice,” says study author Kristie Ross, MD, assistant professor of pediatrics at Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and clinical director of pediatric pulmonology, allergy and immunology at UH Rainbow Babies & Children’s Hospital. “Our study shows that this is no more effective at preventing progression to more serious asthma exacerbations than the use of quick relief medicines alone, such as albuterol inhalers.”

All 254 children in the randomized, double-blinded study used low dose controller inhalers-;”two puffs twice daily”-;for a standard maintenance dose of inhaled steroid medication. When parents noticed their child had yellow zone symptoms, the researchers instructed them to use a different inhaler for seven days. Half of the inhalers were the same low dose, and the other half contained five times the maintenance dose. Across 395 yellow zone episodes, the researchers did not find any significant difference in the number of asthma attacks that ultimately required systemic steroids. Despite a 16% increase in exposure to inhaled steroids, children in the high-dose group did not experience fewer attacks.

The researchers did find children in the high-dose group had slower growth rates-;averaging 0.23 centimeters per year less than children who maintained the low-dose regimen. Children with over two yellow zone episodes in a year, and children aged 5-7 were most affected. Over time, short-term increases in inhaled steroids could have cumulative effects, say the authors, but the slight difference is not enough to connect inhaled steroids to growth defects.

Ross cautions that the study did not include children with severe asthma who may be more prone to exacerbations, or children with uncontrolled asthma. It focused on preventing early, mild asthma symptoms from progressing to dangerous attacks. Parents should continue to work with their child’s asthma doctor to develop a personalized home management plan that includes yellow zone interventions, she says.

Rainbow Babies & Children’s Hospital at University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center was one of 17 trial sites in the study. Other study authors from Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine included James Chmiel, MD, MPH, professor of pediatrics; and Ross Myers, MD, assistant professor of pediatrics. The National Heart, Lung, Blood Institute’s AsthmaNet clinical research network sponsored the study.

With the trial results in hand, the team must now look for new ways to manage yellow zone symptoms. “Our study suggests we need to find better ways to identify early signs of asthma worsening that are likely to lead to more serious asthma exacerbations,” Ross says. “We will be starting a study this summer on a way to do that using technology that collects information about the child and the environment with less burden on the family, that may help us better predict asthma flares.”​

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An “acupuncture” session using stings from living bees triggered a lethal allergic reaction in a 55-year-old woman at a clinic in Spain.

During the treatment, the woman was deliberately stung by live bees to treat her muscle contractions and stress, according to a recent case report. The blending of bees and acupuncture is a type of “apitherapy” — a term that describes an increasingly popular practice of treating various medical conditions with substances derived from honeybees.

However, there’s scant clinical evidence that there are any benefits to these procedures, and in fact, they may be harmful. In this case, bee venom from the stings led to a severe allergic reaction that caused the woman’s death, researchers explained in the report. [Spider Bites and Bee Stings: Symptoms and Treatments]

Following a sting administered at a private clinic, the woman began to wheeze and then lost consciousness. She was transported to a local hospital, where she was diagnosed with a massive stroke that resulted in a permanent coma; she died several weeks later from multiple organ failure, the researchers noted in their report, which was recently published in the Journal of Investigational Allergology and Clinical Immunology.

Therapies using bee venom date back thousands of years, and can be traced to ancient civilizations in China, Greece and Egypt, according to a July 2012 study. Today, apitherapy is most commonly practiced in Asia, South America and Eastern Europe, and is used to treat immune-related diseases, some types of cancer, and conditions that affect the musculoskeletal system, such as rheumatism and arthritis, researchers reported in a study published in May 2015 in the journal PLOS ONE.

But bee venom therapies are often linked to adverse reactions, and there is little published research to support their safety and effectiveness, according to the new case report.

For people who are sensitive to bee venom, the venom’s compounds can trigger allergic reactions that range from mild to severe. In extreme cases, they cause anaphylaxis, an allergic reaction that can strike within moments after exposure to the allergen, and can be life-threatening. During anaphylaxis, the body floods with chemicals that induce a state of shock; blood pressure drops and the tongue and throat can swell, making it difficult to breathe, according to the Mayo Clinic.

The hormone epinephrine, also known as adrenaline, can ease anaphylaxis symptoms, but the apitherapy clinic in Spain did not have any on hand. And though the unconscious woman was given epinephrine once medical help arrived, the ambulance didn’t show up until about 30 minutes after the clinic workers placed the call, according to the case report.

Curiously, this wasn’t the woman’s first visit to the apitherapy clinic; in fact, she had been visiting the clinic and receiving bee acupuncture every four weeks for the past two years, with no adverse effects reported.

What likely happened is that she developed a sensitivity to honeybee venom over the course of her treatment, “and the last sting was the clinically relevant one that was fatal,” Dr. Andrew Murphy, an allergist with the Asthma Allergy and Sinus Center in Downingtown, Pennsylvania, told Live Science in an email. In other words, people can develop a sensitivity to allergens such as bee venom through regular exposure.

“What was even more galling and sad is that this clinic did not even have epinephrine available to treat the patient in case of a reaction,” Murphy added.

The study authors suggested that more rigorous measures should be taken by apitherapy clinics to identify people’s sensitivity to bee venom — particularly if they have been receiving stings over time — and that people should be informed of the inherent hazards in these largely untested procedures. In fact, those on the receiving end of a bee’s stinger should probably consider avoiding bee acupuncture entirely, the physicians added.

“The risks of undergoing apitherapy may exceed the presumed benefits, leading us to conclude that this practice is both unsafe and unadvisable,” the researchers wrote.

Original article on Live Science.

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