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WARNING: This story contains graphic content
CONFRONTING footage shows the moment a US man was left in agony when a shark was cut from his exposed stomach.
Florida resident Ervin Maccarty caught more than he bargained for on a recent fishing trip when he emerged from the water with a small nurse shark clamped on to his abdomen. He can be heard swearing in pain when the shark thrashed about, sending him down to the deck.
Unable to pry the shark from his body, friends told Mr Maccarty to “lie down” while one of them fetched a knife. A decision was made to cut into the shark and “bleed it out” until it let go.
“Stab him, stab the shark,” a woman shouted off camera.
“Don’t cut me, don’t bleed him out on me,” Mr Maccarty screamed in response to the hack surgery.
Gruesome video shows blood spurting when one man stabbed the shark, slicing through its body in an attempt to unlock its jaws.
“Hit his brain,” one woman insisted. She then joked about the blood ruining her beach towel.
At one point, the shark released its bite on Mr Maccarty’s abdomen — only to latch on to another part of his body.
Eventually, the “poor little fella” relinquished his grip. Friends then washed the blood off Mr Maccarty to survey the damage to his lower abdomen but he was left with only a small bite mark.
Mr Maccarty, who had been retrieving lobsters earlier this month when the incident occurred, told Newsflare the shark “hit me hard”.
“It knocked the breath out of me so I had to get up for air but I felt the shark biting and trying to tear me open,” he said.
“It wouldn’t let go so I had to hold it tight with both hands so it wouldn’t rip me open and I had to get up for air with the shark pulling me down.
“I thought I would drown. I got up and saw the boat had floated away and everyone yelling that the shark had bit me.
“No one knew it was still on me. I had to get to the boat with no hands to swim with. It was a struggle and wore me out.”
He has seven years of snake-catching experience, and said he only relocates reptiles if there is a high risk to people or pets.
“We only relocate if people are really worried about them,” he said.
“There are a lot of snakes in our area, most people live alongside them and have no idea they’re there. Leave it alone, give it time and they’ll move along on their own.
“For the most part you’re pretty right leaving them to their own devices, but if you’re worried about it absolutely call a snake catcher.”
While Mrs Johnson’s visitor was extremely venomous, Mr Gilding said people often panic about relatively safe snakes.
“Even when we do ID them as harmless for people, a lot of them still want them relocated. It’s just a fear-based thing that a lot of people don’t understand.
“They’re fine to have around if you give them space.”
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A “DOUBLE whammy” of the horror flu outbreak and an early start to hayfever season has left tens of thousands of people short of breath, coughing and spluttering.
A “DOUBLE whammy” of the horror flu outbreak and an early start to hayfever season has left tens of thousands of people short of breath, coughing and spluttering.
Hay fever sufferers who have been hit early are now being warned to ensure their “survival plans” are in place, given the peak of the season is still weeks away.
And influenza continues to spread, with more than 9600 people diagnosed in NSW in the past week alone. Asthma Australia chief executive Michele Goldman said that people were being hit by a “double whammy” of influenza and hay fever. About 80 per cent of asthma sufferers also have hay fever.
“If both (flu) virus and pollens are a problem for you than this is going to be a pretty miserable time of the year, especially with the extension of the flu season,” Ms Goldman said.
Allergy & Anaphylaxis Australia president Maria Said said the hay fever season started early in the last weeks of August. “We have had people already complaining about severe hay fever,” she said.
More than three million Australians suffer from hay fever and more than 137,566 people have been diagnosed with influenza in the current outbreak — more than half in NSW, where nearly 70,000 people have been sick during the worst flu season on record.
“There are still people coming down with the flu and there are people who have got terrible hay fever — especially with the wind we’ve had in recent weeks their hay fever is just out of control,” Ms Said said.
She said that hay fever was a debilitating allergic reaction which can persist for weeks and in severe cases cause chest tightness and breathing difficulties. “You are thinking through a fog — it does affect your quality of life, your sleep, you don’t feel like socialising, you feel pretty awful and are constantly blowing your nose to clear your head,” she said.
Campbelltown Hospital immunology and allergy unit head Dr Connie Katelaris warned hay fever season would worsen as grass pollen increases over coming weeks.
“We haven’t hit the peak of the grass pollen, which is when majority of people are affected,” she said. “If people are starting now it just primes them and they will be worse as the season progresses.”
The hay fever season typical starts as temperatures ramp up and grasses flower in late September, with the peak in late October. Dr Katelaris warned the season may have a “long tail” with late flowering extending the season.
Dr Katelaris runs the state’s only pollen monitoring system which sends out daily warnings on the levels and type of pollen sufferers can expect.
She said while this season won’t be as bad as 2016, sufferers should not ignore any symptoms: “When not handled well you end up in difficult problems if we have an unusual or rare weather event.”
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Flushed skin. Heavy breathing. Profuse sweating.
These are all things that happen with intense exercise or an allergic reaction, but having an allergy to exercise? That’s just what people say to get out of a workout… or is it?
While it’s true that some people might fake a serious illness to get out of physical activity, there is just a thing as an exercise-induced allergy attack. And it’s no laughing matter.
“My eyes were watering, I was having trouble breathing,” Joe O’Leary told Popular Science of an allergic reaction he experienced during a post-workout meal in 2015. “In another five minutes I was struggling to breathe. I looked behind me into the mirror, and my eyes were swollen — every part of my face was swollen.”
He quickly sought medical attention and found that he has exercise-induced anaphylaxis, or a reaction that only happens when combined with exercise. In O’Leary’s case, he can experience a life-threatening reaction if he eats tomatoes, pepper, soy or nuts after a workout.
Exercise induced anaphylaxis is rare, but not uncommon
The good news? It only happens to about 50 out of every 100,000 people and it’s pretty easy for doctors to diagnose. The bad news: There’s no real explanation as to why it happens.
“There are a variety of things that it might be,” Maria Castells, an allergist at Brigham and Women’s Hospital told Popular Science. “And for a proportion it’s nothing, really, just the exercise itself.”
Food is the common trigger, but exercise-induced anaphylaxis can also be caused by weather conditions, hormones and medicines like ibuprofen and aspirin. Low-impact activities — like house cleaning and yoga — are as likely to trigger a reaction as high-intensity workouts, but fitter people typically need more exercise than an unfit person to have an attack.
You’ll be pretty aware of a reaction because symptoms — including hives, nausea, swelling, cramps, diarrhea, coughing and wheezing — come on strong and fast. And, like other allergic reactions, there’s a chance it could be fatal if not treated.
Treatment for exercise-induced anaphylaxis is usually administered via an EpiPen. It’s also a good idea to cut out triggers, too. O’Leary did: He no longer eats tomatoes or nuts at all — better safe than sorry.
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It’s spring time! And while some will rejoice at the impending flower blooms and warmer weather, others are waiting with tissues in hand for their yearly bout of hayfever.
There is good news though for allergy sufferers as the 2017 spring hayfever season is expected to be milder than last year’s severe pollen season.
Low rainfall throughout autumn and winter in Sydney has meant grasses and trees will bloom later or not as much as last year, thereby reducing airborne pollen.
“This year’s pollen count is not going to be as severe as last year,” said Dr Connie Katelaris, head of the immunology and allergy unit at Campbelltown Hospital and professor at Western Sydney University.
“That’s not to say there won’t be some people with symptoms, but generally when the pollen count is lower, it is only those people who are heavily sensitised that will have a lot of discomfort.
“Those with milder allergies might escape having much of a problem this year.”
The spring outlook from the Bureau of Meteorology has forecast rainfall to be below average in south-west Australia, above average in parts of south-east Queensland, and a “roughly equal chance of being above or below average” elsewhere in the country.
High pressures in the south of Australia may favour increased rainfall on the east coast.
Dr Katelaris emphasised that a few weeks of rain could bring the allergy season back to full force.
Which state suffers the most?
One in five people suffer from allergic rhinitis, according to the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare.
The last snapshot of hayfever in Australia taken in 2014-15 reported the Australian Capital Territory had the highest rate of rhinitis followed by Tasmania, South Australia, Victoria and New South Wales.
The Northern Territory and Queensland had the least number of sufferers.
The main allergens along the eastern seaboard are dust mites, with pollen being the second cause of rhinitis symptoms.
“Dust mites are there most of the year round, so people with allergic rhinitis have a level of dust mite allergy that keeps them going all year,” Dr Katelaris said.
“Those that are unlucky enough to also be sensitised to pollen will find their symptoms ramp up over spring and summer over their baseline symptoms.”
Measuring pollen important every year
Dr Katelaris has studied pollen allergy and aerobiology for a number of decades.
A year ago she was part of a coalition that established a “pollen network” called AusPollen to monitor airborne grass pollen around the country.
The network has set up pollen-counting stations in Sydney, Brisbane, Melbourne and Canberra which generate daily pollen counts from September 1 to December 31.
The pollen trap in Sydney is located at Campbelltown Hospital and consists of a simple “old-fashioned instrument” that uses a vacuum suction motor to suck air into a drum.
Air particles then stick onto a piece of sticky tape inside, which is then put under the microscope to measure the total pollen count.
“There is a seasonal variation, and this is the compelling reason why pollen count has to be an ongoing endeavour [each year],” Dr Katelaris
“Melbourne generally has higher peaks but a narrower pollen season; Sydney is more broad but lower levels.”
She advised all hayfever sufferers, whether they get mild symptoms or severe, to check the pollen forecast each day.
The most common outdoor airborne allergen is grass pollen such as from ryegrass or Bermuda grasses which can be carried by the wind across long distances.
Dr Katelaris said pollen measured in Sydney had increasingly also come from trees.
So what is pollen?
Pollen is the microscopic grains produced by the male parts of a plant when it flowers. These need to be carried to the female parts of the plant in order to reproduce. Pollen grains are typically spread by birds, bees or wind.
Flowering plants, which are more visually interesting to birds, bees and insects, tend to produce less pollen and the pollen needs to be carried directly from one plant to another.
Source: Professor Janet Davies, Queensland University of Technology
“When we started down here [in Campbelltown], the pollen count tended to be higher, but as the land is being cleared and developed for medium-density housing, you’ve seen a change, less grass pollen,” she said.
“Sometimes you see more tree pollen as there are tree plantings in the parks and by the roadside.
“Some people are only allergic to the grasses, others have broad-based pollen allergies, so there may be one to two tree pollens they might react to, they might react to common weed pollens.
“Those people might be impacted over a longer period over the season.”
Start prevention strategies now
There is a strong genetic disposition to allergies, so if you suffer from hayfever it is highly likely that other members of your family have the same ailment.
The most tell-tale signs of hayfever in mild sufferers include a watery nose, itchy eyes and sneezing, general practitioner Dr Brad McKay told ABC Radio Sydney.
On-demand treatment such as taking an antihistamine can help relieve symptom
For those with severe allergies and daily symptoms, good preventative treatment should begin now before the usual peak which in Sydney is usually October and November.
Chronic symptoms are mainly related to congestion that can cause difficulty sleeping, as the person may wake up with a dry mouth and have issues breathing through their nose.
Dr Katelaris said over-the-counter intranasal steroid sprays were the best preventative strategy.
“They need to use their intranasal steroid spray on a daily basis to keep things as even as possible so that when they have the exposure, they are less likely to be triggered as badly,” she said.
“These are topically active steroids which have negligible effects to the rest of the body.”
Dr Katelaris said people with significant hayfever often had a degree of asthma as well and advised them to seek medical advice.
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FEWER than 5 per cent of Australians are qualified in first aid, sparking an urgent call from emergency services for people to update their skills and save a life.
Red Cross data released yesterday revealed Australia had one of the lowest rates of first-aid training in the world.
Parents were among those singled out as Red Cross trainer Janie McCullagh said first aid skills could save the life of a loved one. “It can be the difference between life and death,” Ms McCullagh said.
“Our program is popular with pregnant ladies and their partners, they come along to learn what to do even before they have children. I think it would be appropriate for all adults to learn whether they are starting a family or not.”
First-aid training helped Seaforth mum Susie Campbell save two lives, including her young son Thomas when he was a baby.
The 43-year-old was taking then-nine-week-old Thomas, now seven, for a walk in a sling when she noticed he wasn’t breathing. She was able to resuscitate Thomas using cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) skills she had learned just a week earlier.
Her first-aid training kicked in again just six months later when she heard her neighbour screaming frantically for help.
“I ran across and my neighbour’s son was turning blue, he had a lollipop stuck in his throat,” Mrs Campbell said.
“I knew I had to get it out because if it went down his throat any more he wouldn’t have been able to breathe.
“I flipped him upside down and all of a sudden it just shot out of his mouth.”
Mrs Campbell said knowing first aid was essential and every parent should make it their responsibility to learn.
“It gave me the confidence to deal with it then and there,” she said. “Without it, it may have been too late.”
Ms McCullagh said at the very minimum people learn CPR, which keeps oxygenated blood pumping through the body — ensuring it reaches the brain and vital organs.
If administered within the first minute after a person’s heart has stopped, their chance of surviving is 80 per cent. “People have to be ready to know what to do,” Ms McCullough said.
Knowing how to stop a critical bleed could also mean the difference between life and death, she said, adding that while first-aid won’t always result in the best outcome it can make a real difference.
“Once you have the knowledge it stays with you for life and gives you the confidence to react in the event of an accident,” she said.
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Olivia Shying, Geelong Advertiser
A TERRIFYING moment led to a happy reunion where baby Dasha and mum Peta Moore could personally thank the heroes who rushed to their aid last month.
Ms Moore made a public plea through the Geelong Advertiser for a group of people who rushed to help her daughter in a frightening moment to come forward.
She and mum Kaye were walking to their car from the Geelong-Richmond AFL clash with 14-month-old Dasha last month when the infant began to choke and turned blue.
Strangers rushed to the family’s aid.
Ms Moore, who was desperate to thank the helpers, was thrilled when her heroes contacted her last week after reading the story in the Geelong Advertiser.
Recently retired MFB firefighter Noel Flakemore used his emergency medical response training to assess the situation and help Dasha last month.
The no-fuss MFB veteran did not expect accolades, but enjoyed the opportunity to meet Ms Moore and Dasha under calmer circumstances on Sunday.
“To have a call from the mother was great news,” Mr Flakemore said.
“I was just doing the simple things — comforting the family, looking for signs.”
Bryah Merriman and her father saw Ms Moore struggling to help Dasha and immediately ran to help.
Dasha showed no signs of breathing and Ms Merriman began to start CPR.
“It was full on — but it’s really rewarding to meet the family and know that Dasha is fine,” she said during their fun-filled reunion.
The little girl was taken to Geelong hospital by ambulance. Doctors eventually determined she had experienced febrile convulsions.
These fits or seizures, caused by high temperatures, are common among infants and can last for several minutes. They do not cause ongoing damage but can be scary for unsuspecting parents.
Mr Flakemore and Ms Merriman said the experience showed them the benefits of knowing basic first aid.
“It’s so valuable. I would like to hope that if someone from my family was in a situation where they needed help, someone who knew first aid could help,” Mr Flakemore said.
Ms Moore and bubbly Dasha were delighted to meet those who had rushed to their aid.
“It was really nice and I just feel I’ve done the right thing by letting them know the outcome,” Ms Moore said.
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The death of a 15-month-old toddler at an unlicensed Vancouver daycare has renewed concerns over how parents can find a safe and secure child-care provider.
On three occasions, the health authority discovered overcrowding in the daycare, which operated under different names and at various locations
VCH asked the operator to reduce the number of children. She complied but later closed the daycare and reopened in a different location.
Shelly Sheppard, Baby Mac’s mother, says she pursued every check possible before placing her child in the daycare, which, unbeknowst to VCH, was still falsely advertising itself as licensed,.
“These kinds of records, they’re not easily accessible,” she said, referring to records detailing the overcrowding violations, which took four months to obtain through a freedom-of-information request.
Unlicensed operators can only look after a maximum of two children, other than their own and can be fined up to $10,000 a day for violations.
Vetting daycares
Pam Preston, executive director of Vancouver’s Westcoast Child Care Resource Centre, agrees it’s tough for parents to vet unlicensed daycares, especially operators who evade regulations by changing names and moving locations.
“What can be more confusing is when [parents] visit some of the centres, they look quite professional on the outside,” Preston told Early Editionguest host Stephen Quinn.
There are steps, however, that families can take to scope out credible daycares, Preston said.
Parents can ask operators for first-aid certificates and a criminal record check. The operator’s liability insurance should also be scrutinized, Preston said.
“If anything does happen to a child, and you end up having to care for a disabled child for life, that provider’s insurance would be on the line for that.”
Flexible drop-in hours
Other measures include walking through the operator’s home for safety hazards, inquiring about their training and getting references from other parents.
Operators should also allow parents to check on their child at any time of day, Preston said, a process known in childcare as gradual entry.
Preston said she pulled out her daughter two weeks into a new daycare — and forfeited the deposit — after the operator made uncomfortable remarks about the timing of her visits.
“That is a huge red flag, when you’re only allowed to drop off before 9 a.m., pick up after 5 p.m. and please, no unannounced visits.”
The best daycares will involve the parents in their child’s day, Preston said. That includes taking photos of the kids and regularly debriefing parents about their activities.
If opting for an unlicensed daycare, parents should check whether the operator is registered with a local child care resource-and-referral program, Preston said.
Those operators must adhere to criteria set out by the Ministry of Children and Family Development.
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I was diagnosed with a severe allergy to berries and red fruits when I was an infant, and I’ve also been on a gluten-free diet for the last four years. Don’t get me wrong, I’m not celiac nor severely allergic to gluten, but intolerant, part of that group of people identified as “gluten sensitive.” And guess what? I travel the world looking for the best places to eat and drink to write about . . . funny, isn’t it?
Travelling with food allergies can be annoying and intimidating, leaving us and our travel companions with a constant sense of fear about what could happen if, accidentally, we end up eating something we can’t have. So said, fear and anxiety don’t control my life, and that’s why every time I travel, I ensure I won’t have problems or that at least I will be in control if something happens.
Let me be straight: it hasn’t been easy, especially in the past, because there are many things you’ve got to consider when you travel with an allergy. But the more I experience and travel, the easier it gets, and this also boosts my confidence and my desire to enjoy the adventure.
Here are some tips on how to travel safely with one (or more!) food allergy.
Always carry a medical passport
Have a chat with your doctor and ask him or her to write you a note, signed, with all the things you’re allergic to. Don’t be picky; put everything on it, including the variations of one single type of food. Mine doesn’t contain a general indication of “red fruits,” but it details every single fruit I’m allergic to. If you’re allergic to more than one food, put everything in the same document and make sure you carry a copy with you (in your wallet or bag) and you also have a copy to be left in your luggage. In the same doc, you can also add all the information about your health insurance, the drugs you can take in case of intoxication, and emergency contact numbers.
Make sure to bring food allergy translation cards to communicate your allergy to restaurant servers, in case you’re not fluent in the language of the country you’re going to visit.
Not only do you need a document, but you also need to add all your medical information on your smartphone so that in case of need, people can rely on your phone for more information (both if you travel solo or with someone else, be self-sufficient and make sure you can be saved in any situation!). I don’t recommend wearing a wristband with allergy information because today the mobile phone can do everything and is not so invasive, while the wristband can really impact the life of a traveller (and imagine if you also wear jewellery and an activity tracker — what a nightmare!).
FoodMaestro is a great app to look for the safest ingredients in every single product without reading the labels. Food Allergy Translate is ideal to translate your dietary needs in foreign languages.
Research
Every time I travel, for work or for pleasure, I do my research to come up with a list of hospitals and local allergy associations. Sometimes I also get in contact with local associations asking for advice — and this has proven to be one of the best experiences ever, because at the end of the day, people with allergies are a big community and everyone is happy to help others.
Make sure you also research the best restaurants, local grocery stores, and places able to cater to your needs, and don’t be afraid to eat only what you recognize as safe for your health! When you order a dish, specify it doesn’t contain the ingredient you’re allergic to, always being clear (I always add, “I’m highly allergic, I could die by eating this food!”), and if your allergy doesn’t allow you to eat food cooked or prepared near the source of your allergy, then your research phase must be even more serious to end up with a list of selected places where you feel, and are, 100 percent safe.
Do not forget to have a chat with the hotel you’re staying in before or immediately upon your arrival, asking for information about its policy in case of allergy.
At least one week before leaving (but this depends on the airline), get in contact with the airline and make sure to request a special dish for your flight, but be prepared. Unfortunately, in most cases, you’ll end up with a questionable dish, so follow my recommendation as a long-time traveller with (a good amount of) allergies: pack the right amount of food to be consumed on the plane, making sure you bring both sweet and salty food, and do not forget to pack extra safe snacks in case of delays or problems of any kind. If this sounds silly or makes you feel ashamed, just remember a serious allergy is not a whim, and if your allergy can compromise your life, you have all the rights to prevent it! Make sure you have a look at the International Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Alliance for information about international airlines and their policies in case of a severe allergy on board; just recently, I was on a plane with Aer Lingus and no peanuts were served because a passenger was highly allergic (if you’re wondering, nobody complained at all!).
Last but not least . . .
If your food allergy is severe, always bring at least two epinephrine injections, making sure they’re properly labelled. Remember that they’re a medical need, so they’re allowed to be carried aboard.
Overwhelmed? Don’t be. Just be confident and practice, and the more you travel, the easier it will get and you’ll be able to have fun, no matter your food allergy!
Read more at https://www.popsugar.com.au/smart-living/Travel-Tips-People-Food-Allergies-43940912#gOiidTP5Tepl6mJo.99
First Aid courses in Canberra. What an appalling story, there still needs to be a lot of clean up done in the childcare sector. Make sure you have your current first aid certificate if working in childcare.
CHILDREN as young as four were allegedly slapped in the face, punched or locked in a darkened room at a Sydney child care centre.
The varying allegations against three woman and two men who worked at and operated the centre include common assault for allegedly slapping in the face a four-year-old girl after she mucked up toys on a table.
The five were listed for mention at Campbellton Local Court last week where a hearing is set down for November.
Child care worker Demi Sita allegedly locked up a boy alone in a small, dark windowless room as punishment for not sleeping during nap time.
It is also alleged that husband and wife Jenny Salter and Joshua Salter, both 44, Julie Ellul, 48 and Justin Ellul, 42 allowed children to play with a large chain left near the centre’s sandpit which they “put … around their necks and tripped over”.
The allegations are against workers and operators of the St Andrew’s Children’s Neighbourhood Centre in southwestern Sydney.
Charges against these four defendants include not protecting children from harm or hazard or not adequately supervising children.
On two separate occasions children were allegedly “bit, hit, smacked, punched, tackled, wrestled and spat at” by a 12-year-old at the centre, or “bit, hit and pushed” by another young child.
The four are charged with subjecting a child to unreasonable discipline as approved providers, or in Ms Salter’s case as a nominated supervisor.
Justin Ellul, Joshua Salter are charged with child subjected to corporal punishment as approved providers.
Jenny Salter is charged with child subjected to corporal punishment as a nominated supervisor
Ms Ellul and Ms Salter are, in addition, charged with common assault.
Ms Ellul’s daughter Demi Sita, 21, faces a single charge of subjecting a child to unreasonable discipline.
All have pleaded not guilty to each of the charges against them.
Court documents seen by news.com.au allege that while working at the centre, Ms Sita locked a boy, 4, alone on a bed in a dark room.
The documents also allege Ms Sita threw chips at the boy, and that her mother Julie Ellul slapped him “on the wrist with her open hand in punishment for squealing”.
The charges related to incidents which allegedly took place between early 2015 and February last year.
The centre had previously been operating with Justin Ellul as president, Julie Ellul as secretary, Jenny Salter as nominated supervisor and Joshua Salter as executive director.
The full list of charges against the following persons are:
Justin Ellul:
3 charges of child subjected to corporal punishment — approved provider.
1 charge of child subject to unreasonable discipline — approved provider.
2 charges of not protect children from harm or hazard — approved provider.
1 charge of educators not meet qualifications required — approved provider.
3 charges of children in care not adequately supervised.
3 charges of fail to notify of complaints re safety etc of child/children.
Joshua Salter:
3 charges of child subjected to corporal punishment — approved provider.
1 charge of child subject to unreasonable discipline — approved provider.
2 charges of not protect children from harm or hazard — approved provider.
1 charge of educators not meet qualifications required — approved provider
3 charges of children in care not adequately supervised.
3 charges of fail to notify of complaints re safety etc of child/children.
Julie Ellul:
1 charge of child subject to unreasonable discipline — approved provider.
1 charge of common assault.
3 charges of not protect children from harm or hazard — approved provider.
1 charge of educators not meet qualifications required — approved provider.
2 charges of children in care not adequately supervised.
3 charges of fail to notify of complaints re safety etc of child/children.
Jenny Salter:
3 charges of child subjected to corporal punishment — nominated supervisor.
1 charge of child subject to unreasonable discipline — nominated supervisor.
1 charge of common assault.
2 charges of not protect children from harm or hazard — nominated supervisor.
4 charges of children not adequately supervised — nominated supervisor.
1 charge of educators not meet qualifications required — supervisor.
Demi Sita:
1 charge of subject child to unreasonable discipline.
